Desain dan Analisis Turbin Angin sebagai Penggerak Kompresor Aerasi Tambak Udang guna Mendukung Energi Berkelanjutan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37525/mz/2025-2/1587Keywords:
Aerasi tambak udang, Energi terbarukan, Kompresor, Turbin anginAbstract
Budidaya udang merupakan salah satu sektor perikanan yang berperan penting dalam ketahanan pangan dan ekonomi pesisir. Namun, sistem aerasi yang umum digunakan masih bergantung pada energi listrik dan bahan bakar fosil, sehingga menimbulkan biaya operasional tinggi dan emisi karbon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menganalisis kinerja turbin angin vertikal sebagai penggerak kompresor aerasi tambak udang, guna mendukung penerapan energi berkelanjutan. Proses penelitian meliputi tahap perancangan sistem, perakitan, serta pengujian performa turbin pada variasi kecepatan angin antara 2,2–4,3 m/s. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa untuk daya desain 4000 W dengan kecepatan angin maksimum 4,3 m/s, diperoleh luas sudu sebesar 81,8 m² dan diameter rotor 1 m. Pengujian menunjukkan peningkatan daya aktual turbin dari 535,7 Watt hingga 4000 Watt seiring dengan kenaikan kecepatan angin, dengan nilai Tip Speed Ratio (TSR) stabil pada kisaran 0,333–0,341. Sistem mampu menghasilkan suplai oksigen sebesar 0,002–0,005 m³/s dengan waktu pemenuhan kebutuhan oksigen di kolam (900 kg) berkisar antara 37–75 jam, bergantung pada kondisi kecepatan angin. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa turbin angin vertikal berpotensi besar menggantikan sistem aerasi berbasis listrik, sehingga dapat menurunkan konsumsi energi fosil dan mendukung efisiensi serta keberlanjutan tambak udang.
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